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Home / Media Honors/ Agarwood and the Maritime Silk Road: The Global Journey of a Piece of Incense
News · 2026-10-18

Agarwood and the Maritime Silk Road: The Global Journey of a Piece of Incense

Today, visiting a shop to smell agarwood is an ordinary thing. But a thousand years ago, it was an imported good that had to cross the ocean and was traded as a precious spice.

From the South Seas to the Ports

Agarwood is mainly produced in the tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Since ancient times, it was shipped via maritime routes to ports in southern China and then circulated northward. This route, with spices, porcelain, and silk as its main commodities, later became known as the Maritime Silk Road. Agarwood was one of the most highly valued spices along it.

The Maritime Trade Office and the Imperial Treasury

Since the Tang and Song dynasties, Maritime Trade Offices were established along the coast to manage overseas trade, and spices were an important source of tax revenue and treasury stores. In historical records, agarwood is often listed alongside sandalwood and cloves, showing its place in the ancient spice system. In making incense today, we are, in a sense, continuing the lineage of this old trade.

From a Practical Item to a Refined Pursuit in the Study

Agarwood was initially categorized mostly as a spice, but later gradually entered scholars' studies and incense gatherings, transforming from a “practical item” into a “refined object of appreciation.” This shift in status is itself a small history of material culture.

A piece of agarwood drifted across the sea, and also drifted through a thousand years of Chinese olfactory memory.

How to View This History Today

Discussing history is not about gilding today's products, but about understanding where this trade comes from. Our shop name is taken from the old name of a Song dynasty incense and medicine shop recorded in Along the River During the Qingming Festival, and what we recognize is precisely this continuity. For the specific story of our shop name, see the related signage page.

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